A solar eclipse is a  eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and the Moon fully or partially blocks  the Sun. If  only  the Moon were in a perfectly circular orbit, a little closer to the Earth,  in same orbital plane there would be total solar eclipses.but the Moon's orbit is inclined at more than 5 degrees to the Earth's orbit around the Sun , so its shadow at new moon usually misses Earth.  Earth's orbit is called the ecliptic plane .  Moon's actual orbit is elliptical, taking it far enough away from Earth that its apparent size is not large enough to block the Sun.

Total solar eclipes occur when  the moon also happens to be about 400 times closer to Earth than the sun the ratio varies as both orbits are elliptical and  when the orbital planes intersect and the distances align , the new moon can appear to completely blot out the disk of the sunA partial solar eclipse occurs when only the partial shadow passes over you.   a part of the sun always remains in view during the eclipse. How much  depends on the specific circumstances

 Looking directly at the Sun can lead to permanent eye damage or blindness, special eye protection or indirect viewing techniques are used when viewing a solar eclipse,  because of the intense visible and invisible radiation that the photosphere emits

What not to do

• Using stacked up sunglasses
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• Looking at the eclipse through binoculars
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• Looking at the eclipse through a photographic camera
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• Squinting
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What to do

• Use proper eye protection, aluminized Mylar
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• Use a digital camera and watch on the screen
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• Use a smartphone and watch on the screen
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• Ask a specialist for the best advice
• The times of maximum eclipse at major cities (Universal Time):
• Darwin — 00:47
• Fairbanks — 03:08
• Hong Kong — 00:5
• Jakarta — 00:22
• Madras — 00:51
• Manila — 00:58
• Singapore — 00:24
• Tokyo — 02:09